How to Identify Toxic Contaminants in Water

In fact, most substances in the human body will cause harm if they exceed the standard. They are some substances that exist in the human body. Once they exceed the standard, they will also affect the health of the body, not to mention some substances that the human body is not suitable for. In this chapter, we will learn about toxic pollutants in water. Seeing the word poisonous, everyone will think that it is harmful to the human body. Toxic pollutants actually refer to the accumulation of a certain amount after entering the organism, which can change the biochemical and physiological functions of body fluids and tissues, cause temporary or persistent pathological conditions, and even endanger life. The same toxic pollutant is closely related to its existing form, and the toxicity of different forms will also be different. So what are the toxic pollutants in water? Toxic pollution in water can be mainly divided into the following categories: 1. Heavy metals: mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, lead, cobalt, barium, etc. Among them, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic are relatively harmful. Heavy metals are generally not easy to disappear in nature and will be enriched through the food chain. In addition to directly acting on the human body to cause diseases, some metals may also promote chronic diseases. 2. Inorganic anions, mainly NO2-, F-, CN- ions. Among them, NO2- is a carcinogen. (The highly toxic substance hydrogen cyanide mainly comes from the discharge of industrial wastewater); 3. Organic pesticides, multi-green and stupid. We know that there are many kinds of pesticides, which can be divided into organophosphorus pesticides and organochlorine pesticides. Phosphorus is highly toxic, but it is easy to degrade and accumulate, so the impact on the ecosystem is not obvious. In addition, polychlorinated biphenyls are highly toxic, highly fat-soluble, easily absorbed by organisms, and have very stable chemical properties. They are difficult to interact with acids, alkalis, and oxidants. Therefore, it is difficult to degrade in water bodies and organisms; 4. Carcinogens. Carcinogens can be roughly divided into three categories: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as 3,4-benzopyrene, etc.; heterocyclic compounds, such as aflatoxin, etc.; aromatic amines, such as methyl, ethylaniline, benzidine, etc. 5. General organic matter. For example, there are more than 2,000 kinds of phenolic compounds, the simple one is phenol, which are highly toxic substances; nitrile compounds are also toxic, and acrylonitrile has a more obvious environmental impact.