Shanghai Boqu Instrument Co., Ltd. continues to be committed to the creation of Online Conductivity Meter for decades. Knowledgeable engineers and technicians are used to professionalize and maximize the creation. The after-sale support is professionalized, to encourage the expert manufacturing and earnings.

Boqu Instrument has decades of experience in manufacturing color meter. We have been focusing on the development, design, and manufacture. Boqu Instrument's industrial level meter is various in types and styles to meet the different needs of customers. It is bestowed with the features like excellent quality and user-friendly performance. It is widely used in the thermal power plants, pharmaceutical industry, biochemical industry, etc. This product is a good language that through its symbols conveys much about the wearer to the viewer. For example, it helps express personal taste or style. Low reagent consumption makes it stand out in the industry.

We are a client-focused enterprise. We believe our success derives from a deep and comprehensive understanding of clients. We are committed to delivering exceptional service and product value.

If you're using litmus paper, none of this matters. The basic idea is that the paper turns a slightly different color in solutions between pH 1 and 14 and, by comparing your paper to a color chart, you can simply read off the acidity or alkalinity without worrying how many hydrogen ions there are. But a pH meter somehow has to measure the concentration of hydrogen ions. How does it do it?

 

An acidic solution has far more positively charged hydrogen ions in it than an alkaline one, so it has greater potential to produce an electric current in a certain situation—in other words, it's a bit like a battery that can produce a greater voltage. A pH meter takes advantage of this and works like a voltmeter: it measures the voltage (electrical potential) produced by the solution whose acidity we're interested in, compares it with the voltage of a known solution, and uses the difference in voltage (the "potential difference") between them to deduce the difference in pH.

 

Attention: use of pH Sensor

1)       Touch the pH sensor with responsibility- it is breakable!

2)       Store the pH sensor always in immersed condition within the solution approved by the company or neutral solution of KCl (3M-4M).

3)       Always maintain the inner level of filling liquid beyond the level of measured solution.

4)       Load pH sensor (the flowing type) by exact filling solution (as suggested by the manufacturer – normally KCl solution, 3M to saturated) to not let it dry inside.

5)       You may store the sensors as dry if they are not used for a long period of time to prevent aging. Aging only happens when the sensor is moist. Don’t do it with gel sensors – certain must be put in a strong solution of KCl only.

6)       If the pH sensors are dried soak them at least 24 hours before using.

7)       Clean the sensors immediately when you are using a solution that contains substances that are able to plug the junction or stick to the glass bubble.

8)       Avoid immersing pH sensors in solvents that can dissolve glass such as hydrofluoric acid (or acidified fluoride solution), concentrated alkalies.

9)       Avoid immersing sensors within a dehydrating solution such as ethanol, sulfuric acid, etc.

10)    Avoid rub or wipe sensor bulb.

11)    Don’t clean the pH sensors with organic solvents.

Online turbidity meters can measure the turbidity of water online. Turbidity refers to the degree of obstruction of the solution to the passage of light, including the scattering of light by suspended matter and the absorption of light by solute molecules. The turbidity of water is not only related to the content of suspended substances in the water, but also to their size, shape and refractive index.

Online turbidity meter measures water turbidity using a new optical fiber turbidity sensor, using the 90° scattered light measurement principle, in line with the ISO7027 international standard, the turbidity meter uses a sapphire light window, which has better repeatability and stability sex. RS485 output, support MODBUS, help the realization of sewage water quality monitoring solutions, based on customer needs, easy integration.

Online Turbidity Meter Wiring and Power Supply:

1. Do not use the sensor cable to hoist the sensor. It is recommended to install a cable protector to ensure that the cable is powered and watertight.

2. Make sure that the line sequence and power supply voltage are accurate before power-on.

turbidimeter sensor installation:

1. The sensor should be installed vertically with the electrode facing downward, not horizontally or even with the electrode facing upward;

2. Considering the influence of the water level, the sensor should be installed below the low water level 30cm, and it is recommended that the installation depth should not exceed 2 meters, so as to facilitate disassembly and maintenance in the later stage;

3. The sensor needs to be fixedly installed to avoid the probe bumping due to factors such as water flow.

Maintenance:

1. The outer surface of the sensor: Use tap water to clean the outer surface of the sensor. If there is still debris, wipe it with a damp soft cloth. For some stubborn dirt, you can add some household detergent to the tap water to clean.

2. Measuring window Outer surface: Use tap water to clean the outer surface of the sensor. For some stubborn dirt, you can use traditional detergent and a soft cloth to clean.

3. Check the cable of the sensor: the cable should not be taut during normal operation, otherwise the wire inside the cable will be easily broken, causing the sensor to not work normally.

Daily use of turbidimeter:

The cleanliness of the measurement window of a turbidimeter is very important to maintain accurate readings. It is recommended to clean the sensor light window before testing.

Dissolved oxygen refers to the oxygen dissolved in the molecular state of water, that is, O2 in water, represented by DO, which is an indispensable condition for the purity of aquatic organisms. One of the sources is that when the dissolved oxygen in the water is not saturated, the oxygen in the electrical appliance goes deep into the water. Another source is the oxygen released by plants in the water through photosynthesis. In addition to being consumed by reducing substances such as sulfide, nitrite, and ferrous ions in water, it is also consumed by the respiration of microorganisms and the oxidative decomposition of organic substances by microorganisms. Therefore, dissolved oxygen is the root cause of the water body and the performance of the self-purification ability of the water body. The importance of the online dissolved oxygen analyzer is as follows: 1. Through the short-term, medium-term and long-term trend of dissolved oxygen, the water quality of aquaculture can be predicted in advance, and the water quality can be controlled by changing the water and rationally using chemicals to reduce the risk of breeding and optimize the water quality. Breeding potion effect. 2. Real-time dissolved oxygen data provide a basis for farmers to scientifically control dissolved oxygen in the breeding water environment, increase oxygen reasonably, and reduce the cost of electricity for farming. 3. Users can visually see the real-time data of dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water environment through the display window of the equipment, avoiding the disadvantages of intermittent, fixed-point, and regular detection of chemicals and test strips. 4. Through the equipment linkage control device, the automatic opening/closing and alarm reminder of the oxygenation equipment can be realized, so as to avoid the disadvantages of manual on-duty and reduce the labor cost of breeding. 5. Optimize the feeding time and feeding amount through the real-time data of dissolved oxygen, optimize the bait coefficient, and reduce the cost of breeding feed. When changing the dissolved oxygen membrane of the online dissolved oxygen analyzer, the old electrolyte should be washed away with deionized water or distilled water, and the standard drops of new electrolyte should be added to dry it. There are usually two kinds of pH meter measurement: colorimetric method (pH test paper or cuvette) and electrode method. The ordinary dissolved oxygen sensor should be filled with new electrolyte until the liquid surface bulges, and the dissolved oxygen film should be pressed on without leaving any air bubbles; half the amount of new electrolyte should be injected into the cover film and screwed tightly. The cover membrane can be used after replacement, and the ordinary membrane should be left overnight after replacement to allow the membrane to fully restore its balance.

Ensuring the safety of drinking water is a paramount concern for public health. Disinfection is a crucial step in the water treatment process, eliminating harmful microorganisms and pathogens. However, this necessary procedure can lead to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), which are potentially hazardous to human health. Monitoring these byproducts is essential to maintain water safety. In this article, we delve into the importance of disinfection byproduct monitoring and how leveraging advanced water quality testers can ensure safe drinking water for all.

Understanding Disinfection Byproducts and Their Impact on Health

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) form when disinfectants such as chlorine react with natural organic matter in water. While disinfectants are necessary to kill pathogens, the reaction can produce compounds like trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which are linked to serious health risks. Understanding these byproducts' nature and health impact is the first step in comprehending the importance of monitoring them.

DBPs are classified into various categories based on their chemical structure. The most common ones include THMs, HAAs, bromate, chlorite, and chlorate. Each type has distinct characteristics and health implications. Research has shown that prolonged exposure to elevated levels of DBPs can lead to an increased risk of cancer, reproductive problems, and developmental issues. For instance, THMs have been associated with bladder cancer, while high levels of HAAs can cause liver and kidney damage.

The health risks associated with DBPs highlight the importance of regular monitoring by water treatment facilities. By maintaining DBP levels within regulatory standards, we can minimize the potential harm to public health. Understanding the chemistry behind DBPs and their formation processes can help water treatment professionals develop strategies to reduce their concentrations, thus ensuring safer drinking water.

Moreover, public awareness about DBPs is crucial. People need to know the quality of their drinking water and the potential risks associated with it. Transparency from water authorities regarding DBP levels and ongoing monitoring efforts can build public trust and encourage proactive measures towards safer water consumption.

The Role of Water Quality Testers in DBP Monitoring

Water quality testers are sophisticated instruments designed to measure various parameters in water, including the presence and concentration of DBPs. These devices play an instrumental role in ensuring that drinking water meets safety standards and protects public health. Understanding the capabilities and functionalities of these testers is essential for effective DBP monitoring.

Modern water quality testers use advanced technologies to provide accurate and timely measurements of DBPs in water. Techniques such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are commonly employed to detect and quantify DBP concentrations. These methods are sensitive and can identify even trace amounts of DBPs, ensuring comprehensive monitoring.

Water quality testers come in various forms, including portable kits, in-line monitors, and benchtop analyzers. Portable kits are essential for field testing, allowing technicians to take samples and analyze water quality on-site. In-line monitors are installed directly in water distribution systems to provide continuous, real-time monitoring. Benchtop analyzers are often used in laboratories for detailed analysis and validation of water samples. Each type of tester has its unique advantages, making them invaluable tools for water monitoring.

Moreover, the integration of digital technologies with water quality testers has revolutionized DBP monitoring. Features such as automated sampling, remote monitoring, and data logging enhance the efficiency and accuracy of these devices. For instance, remote monitoring capabilities enable water treatment facilities to track DBP levels across multiple locations in real-time, facilitating prompt responses to any deviations from safety standards.

Incorporating water quality testers into the routine monitoring protocols of water treatment plants can significantly reduce the risk of DBPs in drinking water. These testers provide essential insights into the water treatment process, helping identify potential sources of DBPs and evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. By leveraging these advanced instruments, water treatment professionals can ensure the delivery of safe and clean water to the public.

Effective Strategies for Reducing DBPs in Drinking Water

While monitoring DBPs is crucial, reducing their formation is equally important to ensure the safety of drinking water. Several effective strategies can be employed by water treatment facilities to minimize the presence of DBPs, thereby enhancing water quality and safeguarding public health.

One primary strategy is optimizing the use of disinfectants. By carefully managing the type and amount of disinfectant used, water treatment plants can reduce the likelihood of DBP formation. For instance, switching from chlorine to alternative disinfectants such as chloramine or ozone can significantly lower the levels of THMs and HAAs. Additionally, implementing advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that use a combination of oxidants and UV light can effectively break down organic matter without forming harmful byproducts.

Another crucial approach is improving the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from source water before disinfection. Enhanced coagulation and activated carbon filtration are effective methods for reducing NOM, thereby limiting the precursors for DBP formation. Moreover, source water protection measures, such as controlling agricultural runoff and protecting watersheds, can decrease the amount of NOM entering water treatment systems.

Employing alternative water treatment technologies can also play a vital role in reducing DBPs. Membrane filtration, such as reverse osmosis, provides a physical barrier that can remove a wide range of contaminants, including precursors to DBPs. Integrating these technologies into conventional water treatment processes can significantly lower DBP levels.

Regular monitoring and data analysis are essential components of effective DBP reduction strategies. Water treatment facilities should establish robust monitoring programs that include frequent testing of DBP levels and continuous assessment of treatment processes. By analyzing trends and identifying potential issues, operators can make informed decisions to optimize treatment processes and maintain water quality.

Public education and engagement are also crucial for successful DBP mitigation. Educating the public about the potential risks of DBPs and encouraging practices such as water conservation can reduce the demand for disinfectants and subsequently lower the formation of byproducts. Transparent communication from water authorities regarding their efforts to control DBPs can build public trust and support.

Regulatory Standards and Compliance for DBPs

Ensuring the safety of drinking water necessitates adherence to stringent regulatory standards for DBP levels. Various regulatory bodies, both national and international, have established guidelines to control the concentration of disinfection byproducts in potable water. Understanding these regulations and their implications is critical for effective DBP management and compliance.

In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates DBPs through the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The EPA has set maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for common DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. For example, the MCL for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) is set at 0.080 milligrams per liter (mg/L), while the MCL for haloacetic acids (HAA5) is 0.060 mg/L. Water systems must regularly monitor these levels and report their findings to ensure compliance.

Internationally, organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Union (EU) have established similar guidelines to control DBP levels. The WHO publishes the 'Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,' which recommends limits for various DBPs based on health risk assessments. Similarly, the EU's Drinking Water Directive includes maximum allowable concentrations for DBPs to protect public health.

Compliance with these regulatory standards requires rigorous monitoring and reporting by water treatment facilities. Regular sampling and analysis of water samples are necessary to ensure DBP levels remain within permissible limits. Any exceedance of these limits must be promptly addressed through corrective actions and reported to regulatory authorities.

Apart from regulatory compliance, water treatment facilities should also strive to adopt best practices and continuous improvement measures to further reduce DBP levels. Implementing advanced monitoring technologies, optimizing treatment processes, and investing in research and development can help achieve and maintain DBP levels well below regulatory limits.

Public awareness and transparency play a significant role in regulatory compliance. Water utilities should communicate their compliance efforts to the public through annual water quality reports and other outreach initiatives. Providing accessible and understandable information about DBP levels and ongoing monitoring efforts can build public trust and foster collaboration towards safer drinking water.

The Future of DBP Monitoring and Water Quality Assurance

With advancements in technology and increased awareness of water safety, the future of DBP monitoring and water quality assurance looks promising. Emerging trends and innovations are poised to revolutionize how water treatment facilities manage disinfection byproducts, ensuring even safer drinking water for all.

One significant trend is the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning into water quality monitoring systems. AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data from water quality sensors, predicting DBP levels and identifying potential risks in real-time. This predictive capability allows water treatment plants to take proactive measures to mitigate DBP formation, enhancing overall water quality.

Another exciting development is the use of blockchain technology for water quality data management. Blockchain provides a secure and transparent way to record and verify water quality data, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of monitoring reports. This technology can facilitate regulatory compliance and build public trust by providing an immutable record of water quality data.

Innovations in sensor technology are also shaping the future of DBP monitoring. Advances in miniaturization and sensitivity are leading to the development of more compact and efficient water quality sensors. These sensors can be deployed across various points in the water distribution system, providing comprehensive coverage and real-time monitoring of DBP levels.

In addition to technological advancements, increased collaboration and knowledge sharing among water professionals are vital for advancing DBP management. Conferences, workshops, and online platforms provide opportunities for experts to exchange ideas, share best practices, and stay updated on the latest research and innovations. Collaborative efforts can lead to the development of new strategies and technologies for more effective DBP control.

Public engagement and education will continue to play a crucial role in the future of DBP monitoring. Educating consumers about water quality and empowering them to participate in monitoring efforts can drive demand for higher standards and accountability. Water utilities should prioritize transparent communication and actively involve the community in water quality initiatives.

In conclusion, monitoring disinfection byproducts is crucial for ensuring the safety of drinking water. By leveraging advanced water quality testers and implementing effective strategies, water treatment facilities can minimize the presence of harmful byproducts and meet regulatory standards. The future of DBP monitoring holds great promise, with emerging technologies and increased collaboration paving the way for safer and cleaner water. Through continued efforts and innovation, we can provide the public with the safe and healthy drinking water they deserve.